About Tungsten Disulfide WS2:Tungsten disulfide is an inorganic compound composed of tungsten and sulfur, with the chemical formula WS2. This compound is part of a group of materials called transition metal dihalides. It…
About Tungsten Disulfide WS2:
Tungsten disulfide is an inorganic compound composed of tungsten and sulfur, with the chemical formula WS2. This compound is part of a group of materials called transition metal dihalides. It naturally appears as a rare tungsten ore. This material is part of certain catalysts used for hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrogenation.
WS2 uses a layered structure similar to MoS2 or the same type of MoS2, instead of a coordination sphere with W atoms (instead of molybdenum atoms) in a triangular prism. Due to this layered structure, WS2 formed inorganic nanotubes, which were discovered after heating a thin sample of WS2 in 1992.
Most of the WS2 forms dark gray hexagonal crystals with a layered structure. Like the closely related MoS2, it has the characteristics of a dry lubricant.
Although people have long believed that WS2 is relatively stable in ambient air, recent reports on single-layer WS2 oxidation in the environment have found that this is not the case. WS2 is converted to tungsten oxide in a single layer form by a photooxidation reaction fairly quickly (within a few days in ambient light and atmosphere). The oxidation process includes visible wavelength light easily absorbed by the single-layer WS2 (
WS2 is also attacked by a mixture of nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid. When heated in an oxygen-containing atmosphere, WS2 is converted to tungsten trioxide. When heated in the absence of oxygen, WS2 will not melt but will decompose into tungsten and sulfur, but the decomposition temperature is only 1250°C.
Historically, the separation of monolayer WS2 used a chemical exfoliation method, that is, inserting lithium from n-butyl lithium (in hexane), and then stripping the inserted Li compound by ultrasonic treatment in water. WS2 is also shed by treatment with various reagents such as chlorosulfonic acid and lithium halide. Feel free to send an inquiry to get the latest price if you would like to buy tungsten disulfide WS2 powder in bulk.
Tungsten Disulfide details:
Tungsten Disulfide particle size: FSSS=0.4 to 0.7 μm, FSSS=0.85 to 1.15μm. 80nm
Tungsten Disulfide purity: 99.9%
| W | S | Al | As | Cl | Cu | Fe | Ni | P | Si | O |
| 74.12 | 25.82 | 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.03 | 0.002 | 0.005 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.003 | 0.002 |
How is Tungsten Disulfide WS2 produced?
1. Roasting decomposition method:
Tungstic acid reacts with ammonia water under stirring at 57-60°C for 3 hours, and the heat preservation naturally settles for more than 16 hours. The generated ammonium tungstate reacts with hydrogen sulfide gas to generate ammonium tetrathiotungstate after high-temperature roasting and decomposition into tungsten disulfide.
H2WO4+2NH3·H2O→(NH4)2WO4+2H2O
(NH4)2WO4+4H2S→(NH4)2WS4+4H2O
2(NH4)2WS4+3O2→2WS2+4NH3+2S+2SO2+H2O
2. Tungsten reacts very slowly with liquid sulfur. WS2 can be formed by passing sulfur vapor to red hot tungsten. Tungsten is mixed with stoichiometric sulfur bloom and reacted in a nitrogen atmosphere at 800°C for 24 hours to form WS2, such as reacting at 6MPa and 1800°C to form orthorhombic WS2.
3. Using ammonium tetrathiotungstate as the raw material, heating and decomposing the ammonium tetrathiotungstate under the condition of isolating the air, the temperature rises from room temperature to 700-1200℃ with a temperature gradient of 100-200℃/hour during heating. After being kept at this temperature for 24 to 48 hours, it is then reduced to room temperature with a temperature gradient of 30 to 110°C/hour, and the material is discharged and crushed.
The preparation method of ultrafine scaly crystal tungsten disulfide used for lubricants has simple process equipment, does not pollute the environment, and is safe and reliable in operation, and can produce tungsten disulfide with stable quality, high purity, and ultrafine crystal structure of hexagonal crystal system.
Applications of Tungsten Disulfide WS2:
Tungsten disulfide (WS2) or tungsten disulfide is a very smooth dry film friction coating. The friction coefficient of WS2 is extremely low, 0.03, which is lower than PTFE, graphite or molybdenum disulfide (MoS2). Compared with many other WS2, it has unparalleled performance in terms of lubricity, non-stick, low friction, wears life and rated size. It has a wide range of applications in transistors, sensors, photocatalysis, electronic equipment, etc. Tungsten disulfide powder has good solubility in water and ethanol.
WS2 is an excellent release material for plastic molds, extrusion molds and other demolding applications.
WS2 can eliminate the need for hydraulic oil, or can be used with petrochemical oil, grease, synthetic oil, silicone valve and hydraulic oil. It has an affinity for the fluid layer and maintains the fluid layer. It helps to keep oil or grease on the surface, thereby further improving the lubrication effect.
When the thickness is less than 1 micron, small parts can be coated without tolerance problems.
WS2 is also a fairly inert and non-toxic material that has been used in medical equipment and food processing applications.
WS2 replaces customer base materials through high-speed processes at ambient temperature. It does not make the substrate continuous or warped.
WS2 can be used alone or combined with our PVD hard coating to improve durability.
Storage Condition of Tungsten Disulfide WS2 Powder:
Damp reunion will affect WS2 powder dispersion performance and using effects, therefore, Tungsten Disulfide WS2 Powder should be sealed in vacuum packing and stored in cool and dry room, the Tungsten Disulfide WS2 Powder can not be exposure to air. In addition, the WS2 powder should be avoided under stress.
Packing & Shipping of Tungsten Disulfide WS2 Powder:
We have many different kinds of packing which depends on the Tungsten Disulfide WS2 Powder quantity.
Tungsten Disulfide WS2 Powder packing:vacuum packing, 100g, 500g or 1kg/bag, 25kg/barrel, or as your request.
Tungsten Disulfide WS2 Powder shipping:could be shipped out by sea , by air, by express?as soon as possible once payment receipt.
Tungsten Sulfide Properties |
| Other Names | tungsten sulfide (WS2), tungsten disulphide,
tungsten(IV) sulfide, WS2 powder |
| CAS No. | 12138-09-9 |
| Compound Formula | WS2 |
| Molecular Weight | 247.97 |
| Appearance | Gray to Black Powder |
| Melting Point | 1250 °C |
| Boiling Point | N/A |
| Density | 7.5 g/cm3 |
| Solubility in H2O | N/A |
| Exact Mass | 247.895074 |
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Tungsten Sulfide Health & Safety Information |
| Signal Word | Warning |
| Hazard Statements | H315-H319-H335 |
| Hazard Codes | Xi |
| Risk Codes | 36/37/38 |
| Safety Statements | 26-37/39 |
| Transport Information | N/A |
About Zirconium Diboride ZrB2 Powder:Zirconium boride powder is a chemical substance and its molecular formula is ZrB2. Nature gray hard crystals. Zirconium boride has three components: zirconium monoboride, zirconium diboride, and zirconium tribromide….
About Zirconium Diboride ZrB2 Powder:
Zirconium boride powder is a chemical substance and its molecular formula is ZrB2. Nature gray hard crystals. Zirconium boride has three components: zirconium monoboride, zirconium diboride, and zirconium tribromide. Only zirconium diboride is stable in a wide temperature range. Industrial production is mainly based on zirconium diboride. Zirconium diboride is a hexagonal crystal, gray crystal or powder, with a relative density of 5.8 and a melting point of 3040°C. High-temperature resistance, high strength at room temperature and high temperature. Good thermal shock resistance, low resistance, anti-oxidation at high temperature. The melting point is about 3000°C. With metallic luster.
Zirconium diboride powder(ZrB2) is a highly covalent refractory ceramic material with a hexagonal crystal structure. ZrB2 is an ultra-high temperature ceramic (UHTC) with a melting point of 3246°C. Coupled with a lower density of ~6.09 g/cm3 (the measured density may be higher due to ha impurities) and good high-temperature strength, it is suitable for high-temperature aerospace applications, such as hypersonic flight or rocket propulsion systems, for example, Furnace components, high-temperature electrodes, rocket engines, thermal protection structures for spacecraft with temperature capabilities exceeding 1800°C, and heavy-wear applications.
It is an unusual ceramic with relatively high thermal and electrical conductivity and has the same characteristics as the titanium diboride and diboride shares of the same structure. In addition to its fire resistance, good thermal conductivity (>50 W/m/K), inertness to molten metal, good thermal shock resistance, and high electrical conductivity (~105 S/cm), ZrB2 can also pass EDM basic ceramic molding.
ZrB2 parts are usually hot-pressed (applying pressure to the heated powder) and then machined to form. The covalent nature of the material and the presence of surface oxides hinder the sintering of ZrB2. The presence of surface oxides will increase the coarsening of crystal grains before densification during the sintering process. Pressureless sintering of ZrB2 is possible. Sintering additives such as boron carbide and carbon will react with surface oxides, thereby increasing the driving force for sintering, but the mechanical properties will decrease compared to hot-pressed ZrB2. Feel free to send an inquiry to get the latest price if you would like to buy Zirconium Diboride ZrB2 Powder in bulk.
Properties of Zirconium Diboride ZrB2 powder CAS 12045-64-6:
Molecular formula: ZrB2
Molar mass: 112.85 g/mol
Appearance: grey-black powder
Density: 6.085 g/cm3
Melting point: 3246 °C
Solubility in water: Insoluble
Crystal structure: Hexagonal, hP3
Space group: P6/mmm, No. 191
Features of Zirconium Diboride ZrB2 powder:
TiB2, ZrB2, HfB2, VB2, NbB, NbB2, TaB, TaB2, CrB2, Mo2B5, W2B5, Fe2B, FeB, CoB, Co2B, NiB, Ni2B, Ni2B, LaB6, UB4, UB2.
Zirconium diboride (ZrB2) is a highly covalent refractory ceramic material with a hexagonal crystal structure. ZrB2 is an ultra high temperature ceramic (UHTC) with a melting point of 3246 °C. This along with its relatively low density of ~6.09 g/cm3 (measured density may be higher due to hafnium impurities) and good high temperature strength makes it a candidate for high temperature aerospace applications such as hypersonic flight or rocket propulsion systems. It is an unusual ceramic, having relatively high thermal and electrical conductivities, properties it shares with isostructural titanium diboride and hafnium diboride.
How is Zirconium Diboride ZrB2 Powder produced?
ZrO2 and HfO2 are reduced to their respective diboron silanes by metal thermal reduction. Use cheap precursor materials and react according to the following reactions:
ZrO 2 + B 2 O 3 + 5Mg→ZrB 2 + 5MgO
The precursor materials for this reaction (ZrO 2 / TiO 2 / HfO 2 and B 4 C) are cheaper than those required for stoichiometric and boron thermal reactions. Prepare ZrB2 at a temperature higher than 1600°C for at least 1 hour through the following reaction:
2ZrO 2 + B 4 C + 3C→2ZrB 2 + 4CO
This method requires a slight excess of boron because some boron is oxidized during the boron carbide reduction process. It is also observed that ZrC is the product of the reaction, but if the reaction is carried out under an excess of 20-25% of B4C, the ZrC phase disappears and only ZrB2 remains. The lowest synthesis temperature (~1600°C) will produce UHTC with finer dimensions and better sinterability. Before boron carbide reduction, the boron carbide must be ground to promote the oxide reduction and diffusion process.
ZrO2 and HfO2 can be dispersed on the boron carbide polymer precursor before the reaction. in. Heating the reaction mixture to 1500°C results in the formation of boron carbide and carbon in situ, and the subsequent reduction of ZrO2 to ZrB2.
The gas phase is used to reduce the vapors of zirconium tetrachloride and boron trichloride when the substrate temperature is higher than 800°C. Recently, alternative ZrB2 films can also be prepared by physical vapor deposition.
Applications of Zirconium Diboride ZrB2 Powder:
Zirconium boride has high hardness, high thermal conductivity, good oxidation resistance and good corrosion resistance. Zirconium diboride is used in special ceramic refractory industries, nuclear industry, aerospace industry and military industries. Zirconium diboride can be used as a surface coating for rolling balls and smooth solid materials.
Carbon fiber reinforced zirconium diboride composites exhibit high density, while silicon carbide fiber-reinforced zirconium diboride composites are brittle and show catastrophic damage.
Zirconium diboride (ZrB2) can be used as thin-film electronic components for sensors, actuators and micro-systems operating in high-temperature environments because it has metal-like conductivity and has a melting temperature of 3245°C.
Other applications of Zirconium Diboride ZrB2 Powder:
(1) zirconium diboride powder is used to produce materials for ceramics.
(2) zirconium diboride powder can be used as a neutron absorber.
(3) zirconium diboride powder can be used as an abrasion-resistant coating.
(4) zirconium diboride powder can be used as crucible lining and anticorrosive chemical equipment.
(5) zirconium diboride powder can be used as anti-oxidation compound material.
(6) zirconium diboride powder can be used as a refractory material, especially in the status of anticorrosion of molten metals.
(7) zirconium diboride powder can be used as a thermally enhanced additive.
(8) zirconium diboride powder can be used for high-temperature resistance.
(9) zirconium diboride powder can be used as a special type of dope against high temperature, corrosion and oxidation.
Storage Condition of Zirconium Diboride ZrB2 Powder:
Damp reunion will affect ZrB2 powder dispersion performance and using effects, therefore, zirconium diboride ZrB2 powder should be sealed in vacuum packing and stored in cool and dry room, the zirconium diboride ZrB2 powder can not be exposure to air. In addition, the ZrB2 powder should be avoided under stress.
Packing & Shipping of Zirconium Diboride ZrB2 Powder:
We have many different kinds of packing which depends on the zirconium diboride ZrB2 powder quantity.
Zirconium diboride ZrB2 powder packing:vacuum packing, 100g, 500g or 1kg/bag, 25kg/barrel, or as your request.
Zirconium diboride ZrB2 powder shipping:could be shipped out by sea , by air, by express?as soon as possible once payment receipt.
Zirconium Diboride Properties |
| Other Names | zirconium boride, ZrB2 powder |
| CAS No. | 12045-64-6 |
| Compound Formula | ZrB2 |
| Molecular Weight | 112.8 |
| Appearance | Gray to Black Powder |
| Melting Point | 3246 °C |
| Boiling Point | N/A |
| Density | 6.09 g/cm3 |
| Solubility in H2O | N/A |
| Exact Mass | 111.923315 g/mol |
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Zirconium Diboride Health & Safety Information |
| Signal Word | Warning |
| Hazard Statements | H228 |
| Hazard Codes | F |
| Risk Codes | N/A |
| Safety Statements | N/A |
| Transport Information | UN3178 4.1/PG III |