Category: Oxide Powder

About Silicon Dioxide SiO2 powder:
Silica, also known as silicon dioxide, is a silicon oxide with the chemical formula SiO2. The most common form in nature is quartz and various organisms. In many parts of the world, silica is the main component of sand. Silica is one of the most complex and abundant material families, in the form of mixtures of various minerals and synthetic products. Notable examples include fused silica, fumed silica, silica gel and aerogel. It is used in structural materials, microelectronics (as electrical insulators), and components in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
 
Inhalation of finely divided crystalline silica is toxic and can cause severe inflammation of lung tissue, silicosis, bronchitis, lung cancer and systemic autoimmune diseases such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis. High-dose inhalation of amorphous silica can cause non-permanent short-term inflammation, and all effects can be cured.
 
 Long-range arrangement of silicon and oxygen atoms forms crystalline silica, short-range arrangement or long-range disordered arrangement forms amorphous silica. In a silicon dioxide crystal, the silicon atoms are at the center of a regular tetrahedron, and the four oxygen atoms are at the four corners of the tetrahedron. Many tetrahedrons are held together by oxygen atoms at the four corners. Each oxygen atom is shared by two tetrahedrons, that is, each oxygen atom is bonded to two silicon atoms.
 
The simplest molecular formula for silica is SiO2, but SiO2 does not represent a simple molecule (just the ratio of the number of silicon atoms to the number of oxygen atoms in the crystal of silica). Pure natural silica crystal is a hard, fragile, insoluble, colorless and transparent solid, often used in the manufacture of optical instruments. Feel free to send an inquiry to get the latest price if you would like to buy Silicon Dioxide SiO2 powder in bulk.

Performance of Silicon Dioxide SiO2 powder :

1 There are a lot of unsaturated surface residual button and different bonding state of hydroxyl groups, so it have high reactivity, easy to scatter;

2 Nano silicon oxides using sol-gel, synthesis of small, uniform particle size, controllable in the system, the use of different, can company of surface treatment packages, nano silicon powder can steadily in solvent system, form transparent or translucent sol colloid;

3 To ultraviolet light and presents high reflection characteristics of uv wavelengths (200 ~ 70% of the reflectivity 280nm) ~ 80%, For in the uv wave (280 ~ 80% of the reflectivity 400nm) ~85%, In visible (400-800nm) reflectivity 85%, The band of 800-1350 near infrared reflectance also higher than 70%.

Technical Parameter of Silicon Dioxide SiO2 powder :
 

How is Silicon Dioxide SiO2 powder produced?
Preparation method of amorphous silicon dioxide
The preparation of amorphous silica includes five steps, namely the preparation of silica gel, granulation process, sintering process, cleaning process and drying process.
1. Preparation of silica gel
Crushing silicon tetrachloride can produce silica gel, or pulverizing organic silicon compounds (such as tetra methoxy siloxane) to produce silica gel, or using fumed silica can produce high-quality silica gel.
2. Granulation process
By drying the silicone gel into a dry powder, pulverizing the dry powder, and then performing classification, a silica powder with a desired average yield can be obtained.
3. Sintering process
The silica powder obtained in the granulation process is sintered at a temperature of 800°C to 1450°C. The spheroidization process of thermal plasma is used to introduce argon gas at a predetermined flow rate and convert the output at a predetermined frequency to generate plasma. In the plasma torch, the sintered and obtained silica powder is dispersed at a predetermined feed rate, and heated and melted at a temperature of 2000 ℃ to the boiling point of silica.
4. Cleaning process
After the spheroidization step, the fine powder adhering to the surface of the spheroidized silica powder is removed.
5. Drying process
After the above cleaning process, the silica powder is dried.
 
Applications of Silicon Dioxide SiO2 powder:
Silica is a raw material for manufacturing glass, quartz glass, water glass, optical fiber, important parts of the electronics industry, optical instruments, handicrafts and refractory materials, and important material for scientific research.
 
1. Silica is the main ingredient in most glass production. When other minerals melt with silica, the freezing point reduction principle reduces the melting point of the mixture and increases the fluidity. The glass transition temperature of pure SiO 2 is about 1475K. When fused silica SiO2 cools quickly, it will not crystallize but will solidify into the glass. Therefore, most ceramic glazes are mainly composed of silica.
2. Silica can also be used as an additive, an excellent flow promoter, mainly used as a pressurizing agent, anti-sticking agent, and glidant.
3. Silica is particularly suitable for the granulation of oils and extracts, and it can also use glidants in direct compression.
4. As a disintegrant, silicon dioxide can greatly improve the fluidity of the granules, increase the bulk density, and increase the hardness of the prepared tablets. It can be used as an internal desiccant in the manufacture of granules to enhance the stability of the drug.
5. Silica can also be used as a filter aid, scavenger, defoamer, suspending agent and thickener for liquid preparations.
6. About 95% of the commercial uses of silica (sand) occur in the construction industry, such as the production of concrete (Portland cement concrete).
7. In cosmetics, silica plays a certain role due to its light diffusion properties and natural absorption.
8. The process of passivating the silicon surface by thermal oxidation (silicon dioxide) is critical to the semiconductor industry. It is usually used to manufacture metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFET) and silicon integrated circuit chips (using planar technology).
9. Silica can be used for the extraction of DNA and RNA because it can bind to nucleic acids in the presence of chaotropic agents.
10. Since silicon dioxide is a natural oxide of silicon, compared with other semiconductors such as gallium arsenide or indium phosphide, silicon dioxide is more widely used.
11. Silicon dioxide can be grown on the surface of silicon semiconductors. The silicon oxide layer can protect the silicon surface during the diffusion process and can be used as a diffusion mask.

Storage Condition of Silicon Dioxide SiO2 powder :
Nano silicon dioxide SiO2 powder should be stored in dry, cool and sealing of the environment, can not be exposure to air, in addition should avoid the heavy pressure, according to ordinary goods transportation.

Packing & Shipping of Silicon Dioxide SiO2 powder :
It is packed in double plastic bags inside, which can be filled with argon in vacuum; it can be vacuumed and filled with argon for protection..
Silicon Dioxide SiO2 powder packing: vacuum packing, 100g, 500g or 1kg/bag, 25kg/barrel, or as your request.
Silicon Dioxide SiO2 powder shipping: could be shipped out by sea , by air, by express as soon as possible once payment receipt.

About Manganese Oxide Mn2O3 :
Manganese(III) oxide is an oxide with a chemical formula of Mn2O3 and a molecular weight of 157.88. What is the name of Mn2O3? Manganese oxide or Manganese(III) oxide. Manganese(III) oxide is Black cubic crystal. The relative density is 4.50.Is Mn2O3 soluble in water? Insoluble in water, acetic acid and ammonium chloride solution, soluble in other inorganic acids. Is Mn2O3 acidic or basic? The oxide in the lower oxidation state of a metal is basic and in the higher oxidation state of the metal it is acidic. For this reason Mn2O3 is basic and Mn2O7 is acidic. It dissolves in cold hydrochloric acid to form a brown solution, turns into a red solution in hot dilute sulfuric acid or concentrated sulfuric acid, decomposes into MnO₂ and manganese nitrate in hot nitric acid, and decomposes into Mn3O4 by heating and releases O₂. RBOSCHCO is a trusted global Manganese Oxide Mn2O3 supplier. Feel free to send an inquiry about the latest Manganese Oxide price at any time.
 
Manganese(III) oxide exists in two forms: α-Mn2O3 and γ-Mn2O3. What is the charge of Mn in Mn2O3? +3. What is the oxidation number of manganese in MnO4-, Mn2O3, and MnO2? In MnO2, manganese is in +4 oxidation state and in Mn2O3, manganese is in +3 oxidation state. The α-type is obtained by decomposing divalent manganese nitrates, carbonates or chlorides, and hydrides in the air to 600-800℃; the γ-type is obtained by heating MnO2 in a vacuum at 500℃ for 78 hours, or It is produced by γ-MnO(OH) dehydration. Feel free to send an inquiry to get the latest price if you would like to buy Manganese Oxide Mn2O3 in bulk.

If you wnat to know Mn2O3 powder price, please send inquiry to sales1@rboschco.com

Performance of Manganese Oxide Mn2O3 Powder :
Manganese trioxide also called Manganese(III) Oxide, has high purity, small particle size, uniform distribution, specific surface area, high surface activity, low apparent density.

Technical Parameter of Manganese Oxide Mn2O3 Powder :

How is Manganese Oxide Mn2O3 produced?
1. Preparation of α-Mn2O3
The oxide of α-Mn2O3 manganese oxide is further oxidized or reduced or prepared by heating the divalent manganese salt in the air at 600-800°C. When using manganese nitrate hexahydrate as raw material, it is necessary to heat the heated solid at 190°C, crush and heat it at 650°C in advance.
2. Preparation of γ-Mn2O3
Under vigorous stirring, add 34 mL of 3% hydrogen peroxide solution to 350 mL of a solution containing 2.2 g of manganese sulfate tetrahydrate, and then add 50 mL of 0.2 mol·dm-3 ammonia to generate γ-MnO (OH). The dark brown or black suspension that releases oxygen will boil quickly. After boiling for 4 minutes, filter and separate, wash the solid with 1.5L hot water, add it to a phosphorus pentoxide vacuum dryer, and dry it below 100°C to obtain γ-MnO(OH). The γ-MnO (OH) was carefully dehydrated at 250° C. under reduced pressure for 3 days to produce γ-Mn2O3. As much as possible, γ-MnO2 was heated at 500°C for 78 hours under reduced pressure to prepare γ-Mn2O3.

Applications of Manganese Oxide Mn2O3 :
1. Manganese trioxide can be used in the printing and dyeing process of fabrics;
2. During the oxidation process of carbon monoxide and organic matter. Manganese (III) oxide can also be used to synthesize soft magnetic materials.
3. Manganese trioxide is an important basic material for the synthesis of lithium-ion batteries;
4. Manganese (III) oxide can be used in the printing and dyeing process of fabrics;
5. Manganese oxide (III) can efficiently catalyze and oxidize organic oxides and nitrogen oxides, and catalyze organic conversion reactions;
6, Manganese oxide (III) oxide soft magnetic material precursor;
7. Manganese oxide is used as a raw material for the synthesis of electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries.

Storage Condition of Manganese Oxide Mn2O3 Powder :

Nano manganese oxide Mn2O3 powder should be stored in dry, cool and sealing of the environment, can not be exposure to air, in addition, should avoid the heavy pressure, according to ordinary goods transportation.

Packing & Shipping of Manganese Oxide Mn2O3 Powder :
It is packed in double plastic bags inside, which can be filled with argon in a vacuum; it can be vacuumed and filled with argon for protection.
Manganese oxide Mn2O3 powder packing: vacuum packing, 100g, 500g or 1kg/bag, 25kg/barrel, or as your request.
Manganese oxide Mn2O3 powder shipping: could be shipped out by sea, by air, by express as soon as possible once payment receipt.

About Zirconium Oxide ZrO2 powder:
Zirconium oxide (ZrO2), sometimes known as zirconia (not to be confused with zircon), is a white crystalline oxide of zirconium. Its most naturally occurring form, with a monoclinic crystalline structure, is the mineral baddeleyite. A dopant stabilized cubic structured zirconia, cubic zirconia, is synthesized in various colors for use as a gemstone and a diamond simulant. Our company also can supply zirconium oxide ceramic(zro2 ceramic) products

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Zirconium oxide is chemically unreactive. It is slowly attacked by concentrated hydrofluoric acid and sulfuric acid. When heated with carbon, it converts to zirconium carbide. When heated with carbon in the presence of chlorine, it converts to zirconium tetrachloride.
Zirconium dioxide is one of the most studied ceramic materials. ZrO2 adopts a monoclinic crystal structure at room temperature and transitions to tetragonal and cubic at higher temperatures. The change of volume caused by the structure transitions from tetragonal to monoclinic to cubic induces large stresses, causing it to crack upon cooling from high temperatures.

Three phases are known: monoclinic below 1170 °C, tetragonal between 1170 °C and 2370 °C, and cubic above 2370 °C. The trend is for higher symmetry at higher temperatures, as is usually the case. A small percentage of the oxides of calcium or yttrium stabilize in the cubic phase. The very rare mineral tazheranite, (Zr, Ti, Ca)O2, is cubic. Unlike TiO2, which features six-coordinated titanium in all phases, monoclinic zirconia consists of seven-coordinated zirconium centers. This difference is attributed to the larger size of the zirconium atom relative to the titanium atom.

The ZrO2 band gap is dependent on the phase (cubic, tetragonal, monoclinic, or amorphous) and preparation methods, with typical estimates from 5–7 eV. A special case of zirconia is that of tetragonal zirconia polycrystal, or TZP, which is indicative of polycrystalline zirconia composed of only the metastable tetragonal phase. Feel free to send an inquiry to get the latest price if you would like to buy Zirconium Oxide ZrO2 powder in bulk.

Performance of Zirconium Oxide ZrO2 powder :
The chemical property of zirconium dioxide is inactive, and has the properties of high melting point, high resistivity, high refractive index and low coefficient of thermal expansion, making it an important high temperature resistant material, ceramic insulating material and ceramic sunscreen, and it is also the main part of artificial drills. raw material. The band gap is about 5-7eV.

Technical Parameter of Zirconium Oxide ZrO2 powder :
Zirconium Oxide particle size: 200nm
Zirconium Oxide crystal: monoclinic crystal
Zirconium Oxide purity: 99.9%
Fe2O3 content: ≤0.003
SiO2 content: ≤0.003
TiO2 content: ≤0.03
Al2O3 content: ≤0.002
Na2O content: ≤0.001
CaO content:   ≤0.002

How is Zirconium Oxide ZrO2 powder produced?
The industrial refractory material is fully stabilized zirconia, and most of the electric mete is made. Carbon and stabilizable calcium oxide were added to the zircon meter fuse, and the zirconia and calcium oxide was used to generate a solid solution, and then stably zirconia was produced while the zirconia and the calcium oxide was used to form a solid solution. Stable and partially stabilized zirconia used in fine ceramics is generally prepared with wet.

The most mature and commonly used is neutralization. The purified chloride zirconium is dissolved with pure water, filtrate the insoluble matter, adjust the zirconium concentration in the solution, and add the required amount of a cerium chloride solution (or other rare earth metal or alkaline chloride solution), add ammonia water Medium and precipitation. The precipitate was washed with hot water and then filtered, dried and calcined. Ultrafine stabilized zirconia powder can be obtained by treating the calcined product.
Partially stabilized zirconia is to control the amount of added stabilizer, which is not sufficient to achieve complete stability. Partially yttria zirconia has high strength and thermal shock resistance, and there is a relatively wide application in structural ceramics.
 
Applications of Zirconium Oxide ZrO2 powder:
For metal zirconium and zirconium compounds, fire bricks and crucibles, high-frequency ceramics, abrasive materials, ceramic pigments and zirconates are mainly used for piezoelectric ceramic products, daily ceramics, refractory materials and precious metals smelting Zirconium brick, zirconium tube, the crucible, etc.

Refractory
Zirconia fibers are polycrystalline refractory fiber material. Due to the high melting point of the ZrO2 substance itself, the non-oxidation and other high-temperature excellent characteristics, the ZrO2 fiber has higher use temperatures than other refractory fibers such as alumina fibers, mullite fibers, aluminum silicate fibers. The zirconia fiber is used for a long time in a super high-temperature oxidation atmosphere above 1500 ° C, and the highest temperature is as high as 2200 ° C, and even 2500 ° C can maintain a complete fiber shape, which is currently the top top of the topic. Fiber material.

Gas turbine
The application of plasma spray zirconium oxide thermal barrier coating on-air and industrial gas turbines has great progress, which has been used for turbine portions of gas turbines within a certain limit. Since this coating can reduce the temperature of 50 to 200 ° C of the air-cooled high-temperature member, the durability of the high-temperature member can significantly improve the durability of the high-temperature member, or improve the temperature of the gas temperature or reduce the amount of temperature required to maintain the high-temperature member. Change, thereby increasing the efficiency of the engine.

Ceramic material
Since the refractive index of zirconia is large, the melting point is high, the corrosion resistance is strong, so it is used in the kiln industry. Piezoelectric ceramic products include filters, speakers ultrasonic water detectors, and the like. There are also daily use ceramics (industrial ceramic glaze), zircon tiles and zirconium tubes for precious metal smelting. Nano-grade zirconia can also be used as a polishing agent, abrasive, piezoelectric ceramic, precision ceramic, ceramic glaze and high-temperature pigment matrix material.

Other
In addition, zirconia can be used in the manufacture of white-hot gas masks, enamel, white glass, the refractory crucible. X-ray photography. Grinding material. To make the light source lamp, thick film circuit capacitive material, piezoelectric crystal transducer formulation in infrared spectrometers.

Storage Condition of Zirconium Oxide ZrO2 powder :
Zirconium Oxide ZrO2 powder should be stored in dry, cool and sealing of the environment, can not be exposure to air, in addition should avoid the heavy pressure, according to ordinary goods transportation.

Packing & Shipping of Zirconium Oxide ZrO2 powder :
It is packed in double plastic bags inside, which can be filled with argon in vacuum; it can be vacuumed and filled with argon for protection..
Zirconium Oxide ZrO2 powder  packing: vacuum packing, 100g, 500g or 1kg/bag, 25kg/barrel, or as your request.
Zirconium Oxide ZrO2 powder  shipping: could be shipped out by sea , by air, by express as soon as possible once payment receipt.

About Manganese Dioxide MnO2:
Manganese dioxide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula MnO2, which exists in the form of pyrolusite in nature. Physical properties: black amorphous powder, or black orthorhombic crystals. Solubility: hardly soluble in water, weak acid, weak base, nitric acid, cold sulfuric acid, pulverize concentrated hydrochloric acid under heating to produce chlorine.

If you want to know manganese dioxide price/MnO2 price/manganese oxide price, please send inquiry to sales1@rboschco.com

 
MnO2 is an alpha polymorph that can incorporate various atoms (and water molecules) in the “tunnels” or “channels” between the manganese oxide octahedrons. People are very interested in α-MnO2 as a possible cathode for lithium-ion batteries.
 
Manganese dioxide is an amphoteric oxide. It is a very stable black powdery solid at room temperature and can be used as a depolarizer for dry batteries. It is often used in the laboratory to produce chlorine by its oxidizing property and the action of concentrated HCl. Manganese dioxide is a strong oxidant in acidic media. Manganese dioxide is an [MnO₂] octahedron. The oxygen atom is on the top of the octahedron, and the manganese atom is in the octahedron. [MnO₂] octahedrons are connected together to form a single or double chain. These chains and other chains co-top to form The tunnel structure of voids, octahedrons or hexagonal close-packed, or square close-packed.

Manganese 2 oxide is an amphoteric oxide, and there is a corresponding salt in the form of a perovskite structure such as BaMnO3 or SrMnO3 (obtained by a compound reaction in a molten alkali system), and manganese tetrachloride is also present.
 
When electrolytic manganese dioxide encounters a reducing agent, it is oxidizing. For example, manganese dioxide is heated in a stream of hydrogen to 1400K to obtain manganese oxide; manganese dioxide is heated in a stream of ammonia to obtain brown-black manganese trioxide; the manganese dioxide is reacted with concentrated hydrochloric acid to obtain l chlorine Manganese, chlorine and water.

When manganese dioxide encounters strong oxidants, it also exhibits reducibility. If manganese dioxide, potassium carbonate and potassium nitrate or potassium chlorate are mixed and melted, a dark green melt can be obtained, and the melt can be dissolved in water and cooled to obtain potassium manganate, a compound of hexavalent manganese.

Manganese dioxide is a strong oxidant in acidic media. It is used as a catalyst in the decomposition of potassium chlorate [KClO3] and the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (hydrogen peroxide, H2O2).

Due to the strong oxidant, manganese dioxide does not burn by itself, but it supports combustion and should not be placed with flammable materials. Feel free to send an inquiry to get the latest price if you would like to buy Manganese Dioxide MnO2 in bulk.

Product Performance of Manganese Dioxide MnO2 CAS 1313-13-9:
Physical properties: black amorphous powder, or black rhombic crystals. Solubility: Difficult to dissolve in water, weak acid, weak base, nitric acid, cold sulfuric acid, and dissolve in concentrated hydrochloric acid under heating to produce chlorine gas.

Chemical properties: Manganese dioxide is an amphoteric oxide. There is a corresponding salt in the form of a perovskite structure such as BaMnO3 or SrMnO3 (obtained by a compound reaction in a molten alkali system). There is also manganese tetrachloride.

When meeting the reducing agent, it shows an oxidizing property. If manganese dioxide is placed in a stream of hydrogen and heated to 1400K to obtain manganese oxide; manganese dioxide is heated in a stream of ammonia to obtain brown-black manganese trioxide; reacting manganese dioxide with concentrated hydrochloric acid produces l chloride Manganese chloride, chlorine and water.

When it meets strong oxidants, it also shows reducing property. It is a strong oxidant in an acid medium.

Manganese Dioxide Composition:

How is Manganese Dioxide MnO2 produced?
Naturally occurring manganese dioxide contains impurities and a large amount of manganese trioxide. Only a limited number of deposits contain gamma modifiers of sufficient purity to meet the needs of the battery industry.

The production of batteries and ferrites (the two main uses of manganese dioxide) requires high-purity manganese dioxide. The battery needs “electrolytic manganese dioxide”, and the ferrite needs “chemical manganese dioxide”.
1. Chemical Manganese Dioxide
One method is to start with natural manganese dioxide and then use dinitrogen tetroxide and water to convert it into a solution of manganese (II) nitrate. The evaporation of water leaves crystallized nitrates. At a temperature of 400°C, the salt decomposes, releasing N2O4 and leaving a pure manganese dioxide residue. These two steps can be summarized as:
MnO2 +N2O4⇌Mn（NO3）2

2. Carbothermal reduction of manganese dioxide
In another method, manganese dioxide is carbothermal reduced to manganese (II) oxide dissolved in sulfuric acid. The filtered solution was treated with ammonium carbonate to precipitate MnCO.
The carbonate is calcined in air to obtain a mixture of manganese (II) and manganese (IV) oxides. To complete the process, the suspension of the material in sulfuric acid is treated with sodium chlorate. The chloric acid formed in situ can convert any Mn(III) and Mn(II) oxides into carbon dioxide, releasing chlorine by-products.

3. Manganese epoxide and manganese monoxide
The third method involves manganese epoxide and manganese monoxide. The two reagents are mixed in a ratio of 1:3 to form manganese dioxide:
Mn2O7 + 3 MnO→5 MnO2
Finally, the effect of potassium permanganate on manganese sulfate crystals produces the desired oxide.
2 KMnO4 + 3 MnSO4 + 2 H2O→5 MnO2 + K2SO4 + 2 H2SO4

4. Electrolytic Manganese Dioxide
Electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD) is used in zinc-carbon batteries together with zinc chloride and ammonium chloride. EMD has also commonly used in manganese zinc dioxide rechargeable alkaline (Zn RAM) batteries. For these applications, purity is critical. The production method of EMD is similar to the production method of electrolytic ductile pitch (ETP) copper: manganese dioxide is dissolved in sulfuric acid (sometimes mixed with manganese sulfate) and electricity is applied between the two electrodes. The dissolved MnO2 enters the solution in the form of sulfate and is deposited on the anode.

Applications of Manganese Dioxide MnO2:
Manganese dioxide is a black or brown solid, naturally present in the mineral pyrolusite, which is the main ore of manganese and manganese nodules.

The main use of MnO2 is for dry batteries, such as alkaline batteries and zinc-carbon batteries.

MnO2 is also used as a precursor for pigments and other manganese compounds (such as KMnO4). It is used as a reagent in organic synthesis, for example for the oxidation of allyl alcohol.

MnO2 is used as a depolarizer for dry batteries, as a catalyst and oxidant in the synthesis industry, and as a colorant, decolorant and iron removal agent in the glass industry and enamel industry.

MnO2 is used to manufacture metallic manganese, special alloys, ferromanganese castings, gas masks and ferrites for electronic materials.

MnO2 can be used in the rubber industry to increase the viscosity of rubber.

MnO2 is used as a catalyst in chemical experiments：

Used as a catalyst for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (hydrogen peroxide) to produce oxygen.

Used as a catalyst when heating potassium chlorate to decompose and produce oxygen.

It reacts with elemental aluminum powder to produce manganese by a thermite reaction.

Use pigments, yellow glass, etc.

React with hot concentrated hydrochloric acid to produce chlorine.

It reacts with molten caustic potassium (potassium hydroxide) in the air to produce potassium manganate.

In the decomposition reaction of potassium permanganate, manganese dioxide acts as a self-catalyst for potassium permanganate.

Storage Condition of Manganese Dioxide MnO2 Powder:
Precautions for storage: Store in a cool, ventilated warehouse. Keep away from fire and heat. It should be stored separately from combustibles (combustibles), reducing agents and acids, and avoid mixed storage. The storage area should be equipped with suitable materials to contain the leakage.

Packing & Shipping of Manganese Dioxide MnO2 Powder:
We have many different kinds of packing which depends on the Manganese Dioxide MnO2 Powder quantity.
Manganese Dioxide MnO2 Powder packing: vacuum packing, 1kg/bag, 25kg/barrel, or as your request.
Manganese Dioxide MnO2 Powder: could be shipped out by sea , by air, by express as soon as possible once payment receipt.

About Iron Oxide Fe2O3 Powder:
Iron (III) oxide or iron oxide is an inorganic compound with the molecular formula Fe2O3. It is one of the three main oxides of iron, and the other two are rare forms of iron oxide (II) and natural magnetite iron oxide (II, III).
 
Iron oxide or iron trioxide with the general formula Fe2O3 is an inorganic compound known to be one of the three main oxides of iron naturally present in a mineral called magnetite. When iron oxide is used as a suspension in solutions and applications in the fields of biomedicine, agriculture and the environment, it has unique super magnetic properties and easy separation methods. The advantage of iron oxide powder is that it can be modified with a variety of inorganic and organic compounds (such as starch, polyelectrolyte and non-ionic detergent) according to its main surface chemical potential so that it can be used for more applications. Iron oxide is considered to be the most common magnetic particle and powder used in biomedical applications by applying an external magnetic field.
 
Iron oxide is a compound with ferromagnetic properties. When placed in an external magnetic field, the compound is magnetic. When they are obtained in a controlled size and crystal morphology, this property proves to be the desired characteristic. Iron oxide fine particles have become the focus of attention due to their low toxicity, magnetic properties, and convenient separation methods in medical diagnosis and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The application of iron oxide on the macro scale and its reactivity are decisive factors, but when available in smaller sizes in the micron and nano scales, they exhibit spontaneous combustion. As a semiconductor material, iron oxide has negative temperature efficiency of resistance. Feel free to send an inquiry to get the latest price if you would like to buy Iron Oxide Fe2O3 Powder in bulk.

Performance of Iron Oxide Fe2O3 powder：

Iron oxide red to reddish brown powder. Odorless. Insoluble in water, organic acids and organic solvents. Soluble in inorganic acids. There are two types: α-type (positive magnetic) and γ-type (diamagnetic). The fineness of dry-produced products is generally below 1μm. Stable to light, heat and air. It is more stable to acid and alkali. Strong coloring power. The relative density is 5.12～5.24. The lower the content, the lower the relative density. Refractive index 3.042. Melting point is 1550℃, decomposes at about 1560℃.

Technical Parameter of Iron Oxide Fe2O3 powder：
 

How is Iron Oxide Fe2O3 Powder produced?
There are wet and dry methods for preparing Iron Oxide Fe2O3. Wet-process products have fine crystals, soft particles, easy to grind, and easy to use as pigments. Dry-process products have large crystals and hard particles, which are suitable for magnetic materials, polishing and abrasive materials.
1. Wet method
Quickly react a certain amount of 5% ferrous sulfate solution with excess sodium hydroxide solution (the alkali excess is required to be 0.04～0.08g/mL), and pass in the air at room temperature to make it all become reddish-brown ferric hydroxide colloidal solution, As the nucleus of deposited iron oxide. Take the crystal nucleus as the carrier, use ferrous sulfate as the medium, and pass in the air. At 75～85℃, in the presence of metallic iron, the ferrous sulfate reacts with oxygen in the air to form iron oxide (ie iron red) and deposits on the crystal nucleus, The sulfate radicals in the solution reacts with the metallic iron to regenerate ferrous sulfate, and the ferrous sulfate is oxidized to iron red by air to continue to deposit so that the circulation to the end of the whole process will generate red iron oxide.
2. Dry method
Nitric acid reacts with iron to form ferrous nitrate, which is cooled and crystallized, dehydrated and dried, then ground and calcined at 600-700°C for 8-10 hours, washed with water, dried, and pulverized to obtain iron oxide red product. Iron oxide yellow can also be used as a raw material to obtain red iron oxide after calcination at 600～700℃.
 
Applications of Iron Oxide Fe2O3 Powder:
1. Iron industry
The overwhelming application of iron(III) oxide is as the feedstock of the steel and iron industries, e.g. the production of iron, steel, and many alloys.
2. Polishing
A very fine powder of ferric oxide is known as “jeweler’s rouge”, “red rouge”, or simply rouge. It is used to put the final polish on metallic jewelry and lenses, and historically as a cosmetic. Rouge cuts more slowly than some modern polishes, such as cerium(IV) oxide, but is still used in optics fabrication and by jewelers, for the superior finish it can produce. When polishing gold, the rouge slightly stains the gold, which contributes to the appearance of the finished piece. Rouge is sold as a powder, paste, laced on polishing cloths, or solid bar (with a wax or grease binder). Other polishing compounds are also often called “rouge”, even when they do not contain iron oxide. Jewelers remove the residual rouge on jewelry by use of ultrasonic cleaning. Products sold as “stropping compounds” are often applied to a leather strop to assist in getting a razor edge on knives, straight razors, or any other edged tool.
3. Pigment
Two different colors at different hydrate phases (α = red, β = yellow) of iron(III) oxide hydrate; they are useful as pigments.
Iron(III) oxide is also used as a pigment, under the names “Pigment Brown 6”, “Pigment Brown 7”, and “Pigment Red 101”. Some of them, e.g. Pigment Red 101 and Pigment Brown 6, are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in cosmetics. Iron oxides are used as pigments in dental composites alongside titanium oxides. Hematite is the characteristic component of the Swedish paint color Falu red.
4. Magnetic recording
Iron(III) oxide was the most common magnetic particle used in all types of magnetic storage and recording media, including magnetic disks (for data storage) and magnetic tape (used in audio and video recording as well as data storage). Its use in computer disks was superseded by cobalt alloy, enabling thinner magnetic films with higher storage density.
5. Photocatalysis
α-Fe2O3 has been studied as a photoanode for solar water oxidation. However, its efficacy is limited by a short diffusion length (2-4 nm) of photo-excited charge carriers and subsequent fast recombination, requiring a large overpotential to drive the reaction. Research has been focused on improving the water oxidation performance of Fe2O3 using nanostructuring, surface functionalization, or by employing alternate crystal phases such as β-Fe2O3.
6. Medicine
Calamine lotion, used to treat mild itchiness, is chiefly composed of a combination of zinc oxide, acting as astringent, and about 0.5% iron(III) oxide, the product’s active ingredient, acting as an antipruritic. The red color of iron(III) oxide is also mainly responsible for the lotion’s pink color.

Storage Condition of Iron Oxide Fe2O3 powder：

Iron Oxide Fe2O3 powder should be stored in dry, cool and sealing of the environment, can not be exposure to air, in addition should avoid the heavy pressure, according to ordinary goods transportation.

Packing & Shipping of Cerium Oxide Fe2O3 powder：
It is packed in double plastic bags inside, which can be filled with argon in a vacuum; it can be vacuumed and filled with argon for protection.
Iron Oxide Fe2O3 powder packing: vacuum packing, 100g, 500g or 1kg/bag, 25kg/barrel, or as your request.
Iron Oxide Fe2O3 powder shipping: could be shipped out by sea , by air, by express as soon as possible once payment receipt.

About Antimony Tin Oxide ATO Powder:
Antimony tin oxide, also called antimony doped tin dioxide, antimony tin oxide, abbreviated as ATO. It is a non-resistive transparent conductive material in the semiconductor field. It can be used in various glass, plastics and various resins to play a role in transparency, conductivity, anti-static radiation, ultraviolet and infrared blocking. Tin oxide antimony conductive nanomaterials have broad application prospects in many fields due to their high conductivity and light color transparency. It is a new type of functional material that has developed rapidly in recent years.
 
Antimony tin oxide is a world-recognized excellent material with a series of unique properties. They show good electrical conductivity in antistatic applications and have good infrared absorption capabilities. Strong absorption of near-infrared light occurs, and transparency in the visible light range can be maintained in the film.
 
ATO (Antimony Tin Oxide) is a highly insoluble, thermally stable source of aluminum suitable for glass, optical and ceramic applications. Antimony tin oxide is one of the most commonly used transparent conductive oxides because it has two key properties, including optical transparency and conductivity. These characteristics are very important for photovoltaic devices including solar cells and flat-panel displays.
 
The current technology for forming particulate and nanoparticulate tin oxide and using an acidic medium to provide a surface coating, however, coating acid-sensitive materials with nanoparticulate antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO) films has become very important.
 
The antistatic coating is the main application market of nano ATO powder. Nano-composite transparent antistatic coatings can be prepared by adding nano-ATO powder as a conductive filler to the matrix resin (such as polyamide and acrylic) and selecting an appropriate dispersion method. Since the previous conductive fillers usually use carbon black, they are inferior to ATO powder in terms of color control. Feel free to send an inquiry to get the latest price if you would like to buy Antimony Tin Oxide ATO Powder in bulk.

Performance of Antimony Tin Oxide ATO Powder :
ATO, also known as antimony-doped tin dioxide, is mainly composed of tin oxide and antimony oxide. The particle size is mostly 5-80 nm.

Technical Parameter of Antimony Tin Oxide ATO Powder :

How is Antimony Tin Oxide ATO Powder produced?
The chemical methods for preparing antimony tin oxide conductive nanomaterials mainly include precipitation method, hydrothermal synthesis method, sol-gel method, microemulsion method and so on.
The liquid phase co-precipitation method is the most commonly used and most mature method for preparing tin oxide antimony conductive nanomaterials. In this method, an aqueous solution is usually used as the reaction medium, a salt solution of tin and antimony is mixed, and sodium hydroxide or ammonia is added to the mixed solution. The precipitating agent and other precipitating agents precipitate the tin and antimony cations coexisting in the solution, and the precipitate is washed, dried and calcined to obtain the corresponding nanopowder.

Applications of Antimony Tin Oxide ATO Powder:
Adding nano-level ATO powder directly during fiber spinning, the key is the compatibility of inorganic nano-level ATO with fiber materials, and special dispersing additives need to be added;
Add nano-level ATO or textile auxiliaries in the dyeing process of raw materials (such as wool tops and polyester yarns) to complete dyeing and functionalization in one step;
Add nano-level ATO textile auxiliaries during the dyeing or finishing of grey fabrics.
Nano ATO powder has a small particle size, has good compatibility with plastics, and has a light color, which broadens the application of conductive powders on plastics. Conductive ATO can be made into plastic additives or plastic conductive masterbatch can be made into conductive plastic. If the ATO particles are large, they will have a certain negative impact on the production of conductive plastics. Therefore, ATO raw materials with the smallest possible particle size are required. Other applications of antimony tin oxide include:
1.Antimony tin oxide nanoparticles show excellent electrical and optical properties.
2.Antimony oxide can be used in the fields of optoelectronic display devices and flat panel display devices, such as LED, LCD and ECD.
3.Antimony oxide can also be used in solar cells and transparent electrodes.
4.The high conductivity of antimony oxide makes it suitable for use as an antistatic material in coatings, chemical fiber and polymer film industries.
5.The antimony tin oxide nanoparticles also show high heat resistance.
6.Antimony oxide can be used to shield the heat in buildings or glass and hot mirrors.
7.Antimony oxide can also be used in automobile glass and aircraft glass to prevent fog and frost.
8.Antimony tin oxide nanoparticles have the characteristics of reducing microwaves.
9.Antimony oxide can be used in areas that need to be shielded from electromagnetic waves. These areas include computer rooms and radars.
 

Storage Condition of Antimony Tin Oxide ATO Powder :
Antimony Tin Oxide ATO Powder should be stored in dry, cool and sealing of the environment, can not be exposure to air, in addition, should avoid the heavy pressure, according to ordinary goods transportation.

Packing & Shipping of Antimony Tin Oxide ATO Powder :
It is packed in double plastic bags inside, which can be filled with argon in a vacuum; it can be vacuumed and filled with argon for protection.
Antimony Tin Oxide ATO Powder packing: vacuum packing, 100g, 500g or 1kg/bag, 25kg/barrel, or as your request.
Antimony Tin Oxide ATO Powder shipping: could be shipped out by sea, by air, by express as soon as possible once payment receipt.

About Indium Oxide In2O3 Powder:
Indium oxide is an amphoteric oxide of indium, and the molecular formula is 2O3. The pure product is a white or light yellow amorphous powder, which is heated to reddish-brown. Indium oxide is a new n-type transparent semiconductor functional material having width disabled bandwidth, smaller resistivity and higher catalytic activity, and has been widely used in optical fields, gas sensors, and catalysts. In addition to the above functions, there is also an indium oxide particle size, surface effect, quantum dimensional effect, small dimensional effect, macroscopic quantum tunnel effect.
Indium oxide is presented in hydrogen or another reducing agent, heated to 400 to 500 ° C, reduced metal indium or low-cost oxide. The low-level oxide is separated at high temperatures. Further, at a high temperature, it can react with metal indium solubilized in acid, but the more difficult it is, and the moisture absorption also disappears. When hydrogen is reduced by heating through hydrogen, metal indium is produced.
Indium oxide is insoluble in water but can be dissolved in acid, while crystalline oxides are not soluble in water. The crystals are divided into two phases, cubic (diamond type) and diamond (corundum). The bandgap between the two phases is 3eV. The parameter of the cubic phase is listed in the information box. A rhombic phase is produced at high temperatures and is produced using a non-balanced growth method. Its spatial group R3C No. 167, Piersson symbol HR30, A = 0.5487 nm, b = 0.5487 nm, C = 0.57818 nm, z = 6, the calculation density is 7.31 g / cm3.
Indium mixed indium film (IN2-XCRXO3) is a magnetic semiconductor, a single-phase crystal structure, and a high carrier concentration semiconductor behavior having high-temperature ferromagnetic properties. As the material of the rotating syringe, it can be in the spinning electronics.
Indium oxide polycrystalline films doped with Zn have high conductivity (conductivity to 105 S / m), even with higher superconductivity at temperatures in helium. The superconducting transition temperature Tc is related to the doping and the film structure, less than 3.3k. Feel free to send an inquiry to get the latest price if you would like to buy Indium Oxide In2O3 Powder in bulk.

Performance of Indium Oxide In2O3 Powder：

In the presence of hydrogen or other reducing agents, heating to 400 ~ 500 ℃ can be reduced to metal indium or low-cost indium oxide.
Decomposes to lower oxides at high temperatures. In addition, it can react with metal indium at high temperature. Although In2O3 generated by low-temperature burning is easily soluble in acid, the more complete the high-temperature treatment is, the more difficult it is to dissolve, and the hygroscopicity also disappears. When indium trioxide is reduced with hydrogen under red heat, metal indium is generated.

Technical Parameter of Indium Oxide In2O3 Powder：

How is Indium Oxide In2O3 Powder produced?
1. The high-purity metal indium is burned in the air or indium carbonate is calcined to produce In2O, Ino and In2O3, and the high-purity In2O3 can be obtained by finely controlling the reduction conditions. The indium trioxide ceramic powder with an average particle size of 20nm can also be prepared by the spray combustion process.
2. When indium hydroxide is burned to prepare indium trioxide, if the temperature is too high, In2O3 has the possibility of thermal decomposition; if the temperature is too low, it is difficult to complete dehydration, and the oxide generated has hygroscopic property. Therefore, heating temperature and time are important factors. In addition, because In2O3 is easily reduced, it must always be kept in an oxidizing atmosphere.
3. Indium hydroxide is burned in the air at 850℃ to a constant weight to generate In2O3, and then heated in the air at 1000℃ for 30min. Other indium nitrates, indium carbonate, and indium sulfate can also be burned in the air to make indium trioxide.
 
Applications of Indium Oxide In2O3 Powder:
In recent years, indium oxide has been used in high-tech fields and military fields, such as photovoltaic industries, particularly processed into indium tin oxide (ITO) targets, manufacturing transparent electrodes and transparent heat reflector materials.
Used to produce a planar liquid crystal display and inverter.
Indium oxide is used as materials such as spectral purity reagents and electronic components.
Indium oxide is used in a protective coating of a metal mirror surface, and a photovoltaic display semiconductor film is also used to produce indium salts and glass.
Indium oxide is a raw material commonly used in the resistance touch screen, mainly used in fluorescent screens, glass, ceramics, chemical reagents, and the like.
For non-ferrous metal glass, ceramics, alkaline manganese batteries, indium oxide series Liu, chemical reagents, and other traditional fields of Colorado.
Oxides are used in certain types of batteries, thin-film infrared reflectors (high mirrors), some optical coatings and some antistatic coatings for visible light transparency.
Indium oxide and tin oxide form indium tin oxide (also referred to as blend indium oxide or ITO), and a material transparent conductive coating.
In the semiconductor, indium oxide can be used as an N-type semiconductor of the resistance element in the integrated circuit.
In histological learning, indium oxide is used as part of certain dyeing formulations.

Storage Condition of Indium Oxide In2O3 Powder：
Indium Oxide In2O3 Powder should be stored in dry, cool and sealing of the environment, can not be exposure to air, in addition, should avoid the heavy pressure, according to ordinary goods transportation.

Packing & Shipping of Indium Oxide In2O3 Powder：
It is packed in double plastic bags inside, which can be filled with argon in a vacuum; it can be vacuumed and filled with argon for protection.
Indium Oxide In2O3 Powder packing: vacuum packing, 100g, 500g or 1kg/bag, 25kg/barrel, or as your request.
Indium Oxide In2O3 Powder shipping: could be shipped out by sea, by air, by express as soon as possible once payment receipt.

About Indium Tin Oxide ITO Powder:
Indium tin oxide (ITO) is a ternary composition of different ratios of indium, tin and oxygen. According to the oxygen content, it can be described as ceramic or alloy. Usually encountered indium tin oxide as an oxygen-saturated composition, its formulation is 74% In, 18% O2 and 8% Sn by weight. Oxygen-saturated compositions are so typical that unsaturated compositions are referred to as oxygen-deficient ITO. The thin layer is transparent and colorless, and the bulk is a pale yellow to gray. In the infrared region of the spectrum, it acts like a metal mirror.
 
Indium tin oxide is one of the most widely used transparent conductive oxides because of its electrical conductivity and optical transparency and the ease with which it is deposited as a thin film. As with all transparent conductive films, a compromise must be made between conductivity and transparency, because increasing the thickness and increasing the concentration of charge carriers will increase the conductivity of the film, but will reduce its transparency.
 
Indium tin oxide films are most commonly deposited on the surface by physical vapor deposition. Usually, electron beam evaporation or a series of sputtering deposition techniques are used.
 
ITO is a mixed oxide of indium and tin. Depending on the composition, its melting point is in the range of 1526-1926°C. The composition of the most commonly used material is ca In4Sn. This material is an n-type semiconductor with a large bandgap of about 4 eV. ITO is transparent to visible light and has relatively high electrical conductivity. These features have great advantages in touch screen applications such as mobile phones. Feel free to send an inquiry to get the latest price if you would like to buy Indium Tin Oxide ITO Powder in bulk.

Performance of Indium Tin Oxide ITO Powder:

Chemically, ITO is the abbreviation of Indium Tin Oxides.
As a nano-indium tin metal oxide, it has good conductivity and transparency and can cut off harmful electronic radiation, ultraviolet rays and far-infrared rays. Therefore, indium tin oxide is usually sprayed on glass, plastic and electronic display screens, used as a transparent conductive film, while reducing harmful electronic radiation and ultraviolet and infrared.
In the oxide conductive film, the Sn-doped In2O3 (ITO) film has the highest transmittance and the best conductive performance, and it is easy to etch fine patterns in the acid solution, of which the light transmittance is more than 90%. The transmittance and resistance of ITO are controlled by the ratio of In2O3 and SnO2, usually SnO2:In2O3=1:9.

Technical Parameter of  Indium Tin Oxide ITO Powder:

How is Indium Tin Oxide ITO Powder produced?
The ITO powder usually adopts the following preparation method: respectively oxidizing metal indium and metal tin to obtain indium oxide powder and tin oxide powder and then mixing and dispersing the indium oxide powder and tin oxide powder. In this method, it is difficult to completely synchronize the control conditions such as metal indium and metal tin as the basic raw material, such as the dissolution rate, dissolution temperature, neutralization pH value, neutralization temperature, and stirring speed, so the prepared indium oxide powder, The particle size deviation of tin oxide powder is large, which affects the quality of ITO film. In order to solve the problem of the uniformity of ITO powder, the co-precipitation method is also used to produce ITO powder. This method uses nitric acid to dissolve metal indium and metal tin, and then mix the resulting indium nitrate and tin nitrate according to the ratio, and then use ammonia to co-precipitate. Precipitation to obtain co-precipitated hydroxide, and finally, calcination to obtain indium tin oxide.
 
Applications of Indium Tin Oxide ITO Powder:
Indium tin oxide (ITO) is an optoelectronic material that has been widely used in research and industry. ITO can be used in many applications, such as flat panel displays, smart windows, polymer-based electronics, thin-film photovoltaic products, glass doors for supermarket freezers and architectural windows. Also, the ITO film used for the glass substrate helps the glass window to save energy.
 
The ITO green belt is used to produce electroluminescent, fully functional and fully flexible lamps. Besides, the ITO film is mainly used as an anti-reflective coating and is used in liquid crystal displays (LCD) and electroluminescence, where the film is used as a conductive transparent electrode.
 
ITO is commonly used to make transparent conductive coatings for displays (such as liquid crystal displays, OLED displays, plasma displays, touch panels, and electronic ink applications). ITO film is also used for organic light-emitting diodes, solar cells, antistatic coatings and EMI shielding. In organic light-emitting diodes, ITO is used as the anode (hole injection layer).
 
The ITO film deposited on the windshield is used to defrost the windshield of the aircraft. Heat is generated by applying a voltage to the film.
 
ITO is also used in various optical coatings, the most famous being infrared reflective coatings (hot mirrors) used in automobiles and sodium vapor lamp glass. Other uses include gas sensors, anti-reflective coatings, electrowetting on dielectrics, and Bragg reflectors for VCSEL lasers. ITO is also used as an infrared reflector for low emissivity window panes. Starting with the Kodak DCS 520, later Kodak DCS cameras also used ITO as a sensor coating to enhance the response of the blue channel.
 
ITO thin film strain gauges can operate at temperatures up to 1400°C and can be used in harsh environments such as gas turbines, jet engines and rocket engines.

Storage Condition of Indium Tin Oxide ITO Powder:
Indium Tin Oxide ITO Powder should be stored in dry, cool and sealing of the environment, can not be exposure to air, in addition should avoid the heavy pressure, according to ordinary goods transportation.

Packing & Shipping of Indium Tin Oxide ITO Powder:
It is packed in double plastic bags inside, which can be filled with argon in vacuum; it can be vacuumed and filled with argon for protection..
Indium Tin Oxide ITO Powder packing: vacuum packing, 100g, 500g or 1kg/bag, 25kg/barrel, or as your request.
Indium Tin Oxide ITO Powder shipping: could be shipped out by sea , by air, by express as soon as possible once payment receipt.

About Cerium Oxide CeO2 powder:
Cerium(IV) oxide, also known as ceric oxide, ceric dioxide, ceria, cerium oxide or cerium dioxide, is an oxide of the rare-earth metal cerium. It is a pale yellow-white powder with the chemical formula CeO2. It is an important commercial product and an intermediate in the purification of the element from the ores. The distinctive property of this material is its reversible conversion to a non-stoichiometric oxide.
Cerium oxide has a density of 7.13g/cm3 and a melting point of 2397℃. It is insoluble in water and alkali, but slightly soluble in acid. Under the temperature of 2000 ℃ and 15 mph pressure, can be achieved by hydrogen reduction cerium oxide, cerium oxide, temperature between 2000 ℃ and free pressure-free in 5 mph, cerium oxide is light yellow, reddish and pink, its performance is to be polished material, catalyst, catalyst carrier, (assistant), UV absorber, fuel cell electrolyte, automobile tail gas absorber, electronic ceramics, etc. Feel free to send an inquiry to get the latest price if you would like to buy Cerium Oxide CeO2 powder in bulk.

Performance of Cerium Oxide CeO2 powder：

At a temperature of 2000℃ and a pressure of 15MPa, cerium oxide can be reduced by hydrogen to obtain cerium oxide. When the temperature is free at 2000℃ and the pressure is free at 5MPa, the cerium oxide is yellowish and reddish, and pink. Its performance is to make polishing materials, catalysts, catalyst carriers (auxiliaries), ultraviolet absorbers, fuel cell electrolytes, automobile exhaust absorbers, electronic ceramics, etc.
 

Technical Parameter of Cerium Oxide CeO2 powder：

How is Cerium Oxide CeO2 powder produced?
The production method of cerium oxide is mainly oxalic acid precipitation method, that is, using cerium chloride or cerium nitrate solution as raw material, using oxalic acid to adjust the pH value to 2, adding ammonia to precipitate cerium oxalate, after heating and curing, separation, washing, drying at 110℃, and then burning at 900 ~ 1000℃ to form cerium oxide
CeCl2 + H2C2O4 + 2 NH4OH and CeC2O4 + 2 H2O+ 2 NH4Cl
 
Applications of Cerium Oxide CeO2 powder:
Oxidant.
Organic reactive catalyst.
Steel analysis is a rare earth metal standard.
Oxidative Titration Analysis.
Decorative glass.
Glass enamel shielding agent.
Heating alloy.
It is used as a glass industrial additive, and the plate glass abrasive material can also be used to act as an ultraviolet ray in cosmetics.
It has been expanded to the glasses glass, optical lens, the abrasion of the image tube, from the absorption of ultraviolet rays and electronics of the glass.
The primary ingredients of the cerium oxide polishing powder are cerium oxide (CeO2), followed by cerium oxide (La2O3), oxide (PR2O3), magfuric lanthanide (LaOf), but also contain trace silicon oxide, alumina and calcium oxide . The polishing effect is affected by polishing powder is the particle size, purity and hardness of CeO2.
Since nano-CEO2 has a wealth of electronic transition capability, excellent optical sensitivity is absorbed to ultraviolet light. The small dimensional effect of nanoparticles, high-proportion surface effects, macroscopic quantum effects, strong scattering and reflection of ultraviolet light.

Storage Condition of Cerium Oxide CeO2 powder：
Cerium Oxide CeO2 powder should be stored in dry, cool and sealing of the environment, can not be exposure to air, in addition, should avoid the heavy pressure, according to ordinary goods transportation.

Packing & Shipping of Cerium Oxide CeO2 powder：
It is packed in double plastic bags inside, which can be filled with argon in a vacuum; it can be vacuumed and filled with argon for protection.
Cerium Oxide CeO2 powder packing: vacuum packing, 100g, 500g or 1kg/bag, 25kg/barrel, or as your request.
Cerium Oxide CeO2 powder shipping: could be shipped out by sea, by air, by express as soon as possible once payment receipt.

About Zinc Oxide ZnO powder:
Zinc oxide is an inorganic substance, the chemical formula is ZnO. Insoluble in water, soluble in acids and strong bases.
Zinc oxide is a white powder or hexagonal crystal. Smells, tasteless and sand-free.It turns yellow when heated and turns white again when cooled. It sublimates when heated to 1800℃. The hiding power is half that of titanium dioxide and zinc sulfide. The tinting power is twice that of basic lead carbonate. Zinc oxide is soluble in acid, concentrated hydroxide base, ammonia water and ammonium salt solution, but insoluble in water and ethanol.
Zinc oxide is a famous white pigment, the common name is zinc white. It has the advantage of not being black in the presence of H2S gas because ZnS is also white. When heated, ZnO gradually changes from white and light yellow to lemon yellow, and when cooled, the yellow will recede. Using this characteristic, it is mixed into paint or added to a thermometer to make a color-changing paint or thermometer. Because ZnO has the convergence and certain sterilization ability, it is often used in medicine to make an ointment. ZnO can also be used as a catalyst. Zinc oxide ZnO is used as an additive in many materials and products, including cosmetics, food supplements, rubber, plastics, ceramics, glass, cement, lubricants, coatings, ointments, adhesives, sealants, pigments, food, batteries, ferrite, flame retardants, and above all – adhesive tape. Although it occurs naturally as the mineral zinc, most zinc oxides are produced synthetically. Feel free to send an inquiry to get the latest price if you would like to buy Zinc Oxide ZnO powder in bulk.

Performance of Zinc Oxide ZnO powder：

Appearance and properties: white powder or hexagonal crystal. No smell, no taste, no sand. It turns yellow when heated, and turns to white again after cooling, and sublimates when heated to 1800℃. The hiding power is half that of titanium dioxide and zinc sulfide. Coloring power is twice that of basic lead carbonate.
Solubility: soluble in acid, concentrated alkali hydroxide, ammonia water and ammonium salt solution, insoluble in water and ethanol.

Technical Parameter of Zinc Oxide ZnO powder：

How is Zinc Oxide ZnO powder produced?
Direct method:
1. Calcined by zinc carbonate.ZnCO3 = ZnO + CO2 write
2. from the calcination of zinc hydroxide decomposition.
3. smelting from crude zinc oxide into zinc, and then through high-temperature air oxidation from.
4. by the oxidation of molten zinc.
5. The methods used are indirect method with zinc ingot as raw material (also known as the French method), a direct method with zinc ore as raw material (also known as the American method) and wet method.
Indirect method:
Reaction equation: 2Zn+O2=2ZnO
Operation: The zinc ingot obtained by electrolysis method is heated to 600 ~ 700℃ after melting, placed in the high-temperature crucible, melting and gasification at 1250 ~ 1300℃, and then imported into hot air for oxidation. The generated zinc oxide is cooled and separated by the cyclone, and the fine particles are captured with cloth bags, that is, the finished zinc oxide is produced.
The direct method:
Reaction equation:
C+O2=CO2
CO2+C=2CO
ZnO+CO=Zn (vapor) +CO2
Zn (vapor) +CO+O2=ZnO+CO2
Operation method: the roasting zinc ore powder (or materials containing zinc), anthracite (or coke), limestone according to the ratio of 1:0. 5:0.05 prepared into a ball. After reduction smelting at 1300℃, zinc oxide in the ore powder is reduced to zinc vapor, which is then oxidized by air. The resulting zinc oxide is captured to produce zinc oxide finished products.
Wet method: Zinc sulfate is produced by reacting zinc ash with sulfuric acid, and then it is reacted with sodium carbonate and ammonia respectively. Zinc oxide is produced by using zinc carbonate and zinc hydroxide as raw materials. The reaction equation is as follows:
Zinc + – H2SO4 = ZnSO4 + H2 write
ZnSO4 + Na2CO3 = ZnCO3 left + Na2SO4
ZnSO4 nh3 · H2O + 2 = zinc (OH) 2 left + (NH4) 2 so4
Zinc oxide was prepared from zinc carbonate by washing, drying, calcining and crushing.Write ZnCO3 – > ZnO + CO2
Zinc oxide was prepared from zinc hydroxide by water washing precipitation, drying, calcination, cooling and grinding.Zinc (OH) 2 – > ZnO + H2O

Applications of Zinc Oxide ZnO powder:
Zinc oxide is a common chemical additive, which is widely used in plastics, silicate products, synthetic rubber, lubricants, paint coatings, ointments, binders, food, batteries, flame retardants and other products. The energy band gap of zinc oxide and the exciton can be large, high transparency, excellent normal temperature light-emitting properties, and are used in liquid crystal displays, thin-film transistors, light-emitting diodes such as a semiconductor. In addition, the zinc oxide of microparticles has also begun to play a role in the relevant fields as a nanomaterial.
1. Mainly used in rubber or cable industries, tonic and active agents, also do colorants and fillers for white gums, used as sulfurization in neoprene, etc.
2. In the fertilizer industry, the raw material gas is used in sulfur
3. Mainly used as white pigments, rubber vulcanized active agents, organic synthetic catalysts, desulfurizers for electrostatic copying, pharmaceutical, etc.
4. Desulfurization for synthetic ammonia, petroleum, the natural gas chemical raw material gas
5. Used as the matrix of analytical reagents, reference reagents, fluorescent agents and photosensitive materials
6. Used in electrostatic wet copying, dry transfer, laser fax communication, electronics electrostatic record and electrostatic platelet
7. Used in plastic industries, sunscreen cosmetics series products, special ceramic products, special functional coatings and textile hygiene processing, etc.
8. Widely used in the lack of industrial raw material gas such as ammonia, methanol and hydrogen production, oil, the water purification process
9. Used as a convergent medicine, used to make an ointment or rubber paste
10. used as white pigments for printing, paper, matches and pharmaceutical industries. A vulcanized active agent, reinforcing agent and colorant of natural rubber, synthetic rubber and latex are used in the rubber industry. It is also used in the manufacture of pigment zinc chrome yellow, zinc acetate, zinc carbonate, zinc chloride, and the like. Further, it is also used in electron laser materials, phosphor, feed additives, catalysts, and magnetic materials to produce feed additives to zinc supplements in feed processing.
11. Inorganic white pigment. It has no toner and titanium dioxide and a vertical powder. It is widely used in ABS resin, polystyrene, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, amino resin, and polyvinyl chloride and paint and ink coloring. In addition, the rubber industry can also be used as a vulcanizing active agent, a reinforcing agent, and a colorant. It is also used in the production of paint cloth, cosmetics, enamel, paper, leather, matches, cables, etc. It is also available for printing, glass industry, pharmaceutical industry, etc. It is also used as a desulfurizing agent for synthetic ammonia. Also used as electronic laser materials, phosphor, feed additive, magnetic material manufacturing, etc.
12. Nutritional supplement (zinc strengthening agent).
13. Zinc oxide is a feed nutrient reinforcement agent.
14. Mainly used as a reinforcing agent for rubber or cable to make rubber have good corrosion resistance, tear-resistance and elasticity. It is also used as a vulcanized activator of natural rubber, white rubber colorant and a filler, a vulcanizing agent of neoprene. The particle fine (about 0.1 μm of particle size) can be used as a light stabilizer of plastic such as polyolefin or polyvinyl chloride.
15. Desulfurization for synthetic ammonia gas.
16. Use as a paint of paint and rubber filler, medical for use in microcanoes, zinc paste, rubber paste, etc.
17. Suitable for supplements of zinc in feed processing.
18. Mainly used as white pigments, rubber vulcanized active agents, reinforcing agents, organic synthesis catalysts, desulfurizers.
19. Desulfurization for synthetic ammonia, petroleum, natural gas chemical gas.
20. Used as the matrix of analytical reagents, reference reagents, fluorescent agents, and photosensitive materials.
21. Mainly used for rubber or cable industries, tonic and active agents, also made of white gums, which are used as a vulcanizing agent in neoprene.
22. The University of Japan is developed by zinc oxide nanoparticles. Zinc oxide is often used in the production of baby talcum powder and other products, is a non-toxic inorganic, and the human body does not produce a reactive reaction, and there is high security. In addition, the volume of zinc oxide nanoparticles has a small volume and has the advantage of do not hinder cell activity.

Storage Condition of Zinc Oxide ZnO powder：
Zinc Oxide ZnO powder should be store in a cool, ventilated warehouse. Keep away from fire and heat. should be kept away from oxidizer, do not store together. The storage area should be equipped with suitable materials to contain the leakage.
 

Packing & Shipping of Zinc Oxide ZnO powder：
It is packed in double plastic bags inside, which can be filled with argon in a vacuum; it can be vacuumed and filled with argon for protection.
Zinc Oxide ZnO powder packing: vacuum packing, 100g, 500g or 1kg/bag, 25kg/barrel, or as your request.
Zinc Oxide ZnO powder shipping: could be shipped out by sea, by air, by express as soon as possible once payment receipt.