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Sodium chloride is an ionic compound with the formula NaCl. It is found in nature as the mineral halite and is the chemical that makes up table salt and most of the salinity of sea water. It is used in our everyday lives as a seasoning and a food preservative. It also is widely used as a de-icing agent on roadways in sub-freezing weather. It melts at 801degC and boils at 1413degC.
Sodium Chloride
When it is in the molten state, sodium chloride is colorless, slightly hygroscopic and easily dissolves in water. It is a strong electrolyte, and it conducts electricity when dissolved in water. It is commonly called table salt and is an essential nutrient for all living things.
As a solid, it is brittle and has a relatively high melting point. Sodium chloride is a very useful compound because it can be melted at room temperature, which allows it to be shaped and cut with tools. It is also very soluble in water, which allows it to be poured into molds for casting. It is a very inexpensive substance, and it is readily available in large quantities.
When a non-volatile solute is added to a solvent, the vapor pressure of the solution is less than that of the pure solvent. Therefore, it takes more energy to separate the atoms or molecules of the solute from each other and pass through the liquid-vapor interface into the gas phase. As a result, the boiling point of the solution is higher than that of the pure solvent.