What is lithium sulfide and how can it be used?
Lithium Sulfide
It is a yellow to white crystal with an inverse fluorite arrangement. Li2S, which is a lithium sulfide, is the molecular formula. The molecular mass of lithium sulfide (45.95) is equal to 1.66. The melting point for lithium sulfide at 938°C is 972°C, and its boiling point at 1372°C is 1372°C. Lithium sulfide can be easily dissolved in water, ethanol and soluble, but not in alkali. Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries can use lithium sulfide as an electrolyte.
Lithium sulfide’s physical and chemical characteristics
Physical properties
You can find white or yellow crystals.
Features an anti-fluorite design
The specific gravity is 1.66 (water = 1); the melting point at 938degC is 938degC and the boiling point at 1372degC are both 1.66.
Water soluble, soluble, ethanol soluble, soluble, acid soluble, insoluble, alkali insoluble.
Chemical nature
Lithium sulfide is able to absorb water vapor from the air and hydrolyzes, releasing highly poisonous hydrogen sulfide.
Separating lithium sulfide with acid can liberate hydrogen sulfuride. It can also react violently to nitric acids, but it can be decomposed only by heating it. It reacts slowly and violently with concentrated sulfuric, but not with dilute. When heated to around 300°C in air, it becomes oxidized by oxygen but doesn’t produce sulfur dioxide. Instead, it produces lithium sulfate.
Preparation for lithium sulfide
You can prepare lithium sulfide in a number of ways. In the past, sulfur and lithium were heated together to react. Then carbon or hydrogen could be used to reduce lithium-sulfate with heating to create lithium sulfide. Later it was discovered that both lithium and sulfur could act in liquid ammonia. Also, lithium ethoxide is capable of decomposing the ethanol adduct from lithium hydrosulfide. This can be used to create lithium sulfide. Some people used hydrogen sulfide (lithium pentoxide) to react first to produce lithium hydrogen, sulfide. Next, the vacuum heating was used to melt the lithium hydrogen, sulfide in order to create lithium sulfide.
Anhydrous lithium sulfide is a high-quality product that can be made by reacting metallic lithium and hydrogen sulfide with tetrahydrofuran.
Application of lithium sulfide
Lithium sulfide is mostly used as an electrolyte in rechargeable lithium ion batteries.
Precautions and storage of lithium sulfide
Lithium Sulfide is able to absorb water vapor from the air and hyrolyzes it, releasing highly toxic hydrogen sulfuride gas. It must be stored at room temperature in an enclosed, dark area and kept dry.
Hydrogen sulfuride is somewhat harmful to water bodies. Do not expose large amounts or undiluted products to groundwater or sewers.
The irritation from lithium sulfide
The skin: Itching of the skin and mucous membranes
Irritation: The effects above the eyes
Sensitization: There is no known sensitization
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