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sodium phosphate monobasic monohydrate mw is used in the manufacture of a variety of pharmaceutical formulations and also as a buffering agent, sequestrant, dry acidulant, and mineral supplement. It is also used in the manufacture of electroplating baths and as a softening/conditioning agent for boiler water. It is also used in the processing of egg products and in foods as a pH adjuster. In medicine it is used as a stimulant laxative and to treat hypophosphatemia.
IDENTIFICATION: The anhydrous salt occurs as white, slightly deliquescent crystals or granules; it is hygroscopic. On heating to 100degC it loses its water of crystallization and decomposes to form sodium acid pyrophosphate, Na2H2P2O7 and sodium metaphosphate, NaPO3. Monobasic sodium phosphate is insoluble in alcohol; it reacts rapidly with aqueous bases (forming phosphates) and is incompatible with phosphorous acids and cyanides (forming phosphides). It is slightly soluble in ether, but is insoluble in hydrochloric acid and acetic acid. It is soluble in hot water; the solution has a pH of about 4.5.
TOXICITY: Ingestion of sodium phosphate tablets can lead to gastrointestinal irritation, and in severe cases may cause hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, hyponatremia, or dehydration. The administration of sodium phosphate to patients on parenteral nutrition should be done cautiously.
Sodium phosphate is listed on the Hazardous Substances Data Bank as a probable human carcinogen. It is also an irritant to the respiratory tract and the skin. Upon burning, it produces toxic fumes of phosphorus oxides.