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Silver nanopowder is used in a wide variety of applications in the manufacture of many products. It is a highly effective antimicrobial agent, and is often employed in medical applications like cell dying and gene diagnosis, in chemistry as an efficient reducing agent in chemical reactions such as ethylene oxidation, in optical technology including laser diodes, optical limiters, and spectroscopic equipment, and in various pharmacological applications.
The bactericidal action of silver nanopowder is a result of the fact that silver ions (Ag+) are able to penetrate into the cytoplasm of bacteria and bind with them, disrupting the biological functions of the cell. It has been demonstrated that it is particularly useful in inhibiting gram-positive bacteria, such as E. coli and S. aureus, due to their thicker peptidoglycan layer.
However, the toxicity and ecological impact of silver has been a concern for some people. The newest studies indicate that although the amount of silver present in sewage treatment plants is large, more than 90% remains bound as silver sulfide, an insoluble form of silver that is orders of magnitude less poisonous than free silver ions.
The aim of this study is to fabricate a durable and stable silver nanopowder antimicrobial additive for powder coatings. To achieve this, the silver nanopowder is chemically bonded to an Ag, Cu, Zn-ternary ion-exchanged zeolite by a-lipoic acid and encapsulated with hydrophilic polymers. This fabricated additive exhibits high antimicrobial activity and durability with low changes of visual appearance.