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Description
Potassium hydroxide, bp or caustic potash is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula KOH. It is a white, odorless solid or clear aqueous solution. It reacts exothermically with acids (especially sulfuric acid) to form hydrogen gas and with metals, particularly aluminum and zinc, to form aqueous salt solutions. KOH is often used as a desiccant in the laboratory due to its high affinity for water. It is also a good drying agent for basic solvents, especially amines and pyridines.
DIRECT EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: Concentrated potassium hydroxide solutions are corrosive and can cause deep, penetrating burns on the skin or eyes. If inhaled as a mist, it can irritate the nose, throat and lungs. Chronic exposure may result in delayed pulmonary edema. When ingested, it can cause vomiting and diarrhea. Potassium hydroxide is also a strong base that destroys cuticles, allowing nail polish remover to penetrate and dissolve the nails. It is an ingredient in many cuticle removers and is used to identify certain species of fungus by microscopic examination of the fungal hyphae or trichomonads in nail tissue.
The information provided in this LCSS is based on a review of pertinent literature and Material Safety Data Sheets. It is intended to be a summary of the safety considerations associated with the title substance for use by trained laboratory personnel in conjunction with the NRC report on Prudent Practices in the Laboratory: Handling and Disposal of Chemicals.