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molybdenum sulfate is a black lustrous powder with a rotten-egg odor. It is moderately water and acid soluble. It is used as an additive for lubricating oils. It also finds uses as a manufacturing molybdenum compound and catalyst for hydrogenation of organic molecules to amines. It is also used as a coating to prevent static charge in electric motors and in ski wax for sliding in snow.
The ability of molybdenum sulfate to activate thiosulfate reductase in SRB is important because it allows SRB to produce methionine from dietary methionine. This methionine can be incorporated into cell protein or converted to amino acids by other enzymes in the rumen to improve animal performance and health.
In addition, molybdenum sulfate stimulates the accumulation of both Se and Mo in wheat and other crops by up-regulating expression of sulfate transporters. The increased uptake of these ions is due to both reduced tissue sulfate pools in the nonfertilized plants and competition for these transporters with other ions such as Fe, Mn, Ca and Na (Smith et al., 1997; Buchner et al., 2004a). This mechanism explains the high levels of Se and Mo observed in the nonfertilized plots at harvest.
This study also shows that the ability of molybdenum sulfate (MoS2) to induce low colonic sulfide production by SRB is dependent on SRB genotype. Strains lacking the genes sat and DVU2210 were more resistant to molybdate than the wild-type strain. This result is consistent with a model in which SRB responds to molybdate by activating sulfate reductase and degrading methionine to sulfide and selenium, thereby reducing ruminal sulfide levels.