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High temperature sintering is a process that can change the dimensional stability, microstructure, and tensile properties of a component. It can improve the impact strength and tensile strength of metals in a number of applications.
Sintering can take place directly or indirectly in a furnace. Both methods produce a material that is less dense. Typically, the higher the sintering temperature, the better the mechanical properties of a metal part. Depending on the alloy and the particle size, specific sintering conditions are determined.
The high temperature sintering process can be carried out with either a conventional sintering furnace or a vacuum high temperature sintering furnace. These are typically 100 to 250 degrees hotter than a normal sintering furnace. A vacuum high temperature sintering furnace is designed for ceramics, metal compounds, and capacitors.
As the sintering temperature increases, the remaining pores become smaller and rounder. This promotes diffusion bonding and reduces the possibility of voids. Smaller grains also promote densification, but the rate of densification is limited by the average grain size.
Some refractory metals such as boron carbide can be sintered at temperatures above 1120 deg C. These metals require a vacuum, though, and are often oxidized. For these materials, high temperature sintering provides a way to achieve full densities.
Sintering at temperatures above 1300-1400 degC is more expensive than regular temperature work. However, the benefits of sintering at this higher temperature are significant. Besides the improvements in the mechanical properties of a sintered metal, this process also allows for rapid reactive sintering.
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