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Cesium is a very reactive element, with the lowest electronegativity of any of the alkali metals. When dissolved in water, cesium reacts violently, forming cesium hydroxide and hydrogen gas. The hydrogen released is corrosive and can shatter glass. It also reacts with many strong acids, forming dense salts that are very useful in centrifugation processes. Cesium chloride is used in the manufacture of electrically conducting glass. When cesium metal is exposed to air it tarnishes and oxidizes, turning the surface orange-yellow. This oxidation is accelerated by adding oxygen, and produces cesium superoxide, a potent oxidant that is harmful to DNA.
Ionic compounds are composed of positively charged ions (cations) and negatively charged ions (anion). Anion is formed as a result of loss of electrons by the metallic atom while non-metallic atom gains electrons during ionic bond formation. The compound Cs2S is an example of a cesium and sulfur ionic compound.
Ionic compounds consist of a combination of two different metal elements and polyatomic ions. To determine the chemical formula of a binary ionic compound, you crisscross the charges of the ions; so, if the metal has a positive charge and the polyatomic ion has a negative charge, the equation is written with the metal first and the ion last. The name of a binary ionic compound is given by the name of the metallic element followed by the word “ide.” For example, the name of the ionic compound formed from gallium and sulfate is Gallium sulfate.