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palladium oxide is an inorganic compound with the formula PdO. It is a black or brown solid with a relative density of 8.7, melting point of 870°C and insoluble in water but slightly soluble in acid. It is usually used as a catalyst in the manufacture of synthetic organic chemicals, for example in the oxidative coupling reaction in the synthesis of hypoxanthines. It is also used in electrical resistors, thick film circuit materials and potentiometer components, where its low resistance properties are particularly important.
The catalytic activity of films incorporating palladium oxide has been studied using various techniques such as scanning and transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, spectrophotometry, 4-point probe and catalytic tests. The chemistry, microstructure and surface catalytic behavior of these thin films have been explored by investigating their structure and phase formation as a function of temperature.
A colloidal dispersion of palladium oxide was formed from Pd(NO3)2 in pure water, which was then diluted and subjected to ultra-centrifugation to yield a dark precipitate suitable for absorption, zeta potential and microscopic analysis. A portion of the solution was used for zeta potential measurements and the remaining sample was subjected to Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
XRD results showed that the colloidal palladium oxide was composed of tiny, highly monodispersed nanoparticles. These particles were observed by TEM, with the particle size estimated to be around 1 nm. The zeta potential results confirmed the stability of the colloidal dispersion, with a positive peak at +35 mV.