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Arsenides are a category of minerals. They are similar to phosphides and borides. These minerals are also used as semiconductors.
Arsenic is the main element in this category. It is a poisonous metalloid. As such, it is often used in insecticides. But it also has many other electronic applications. This mineral is used in semiconductors, lasers, and solid-state devices.
In the standard solution, the arsenic atom has a valence state of +3. The ion has three electrons in the 4p subshell. Upon combining with sulfur, the molecule adopts a chemical form similar to phosphorus.
As a metal, it is a good conductor of electricity. Often it is combined with polyatomic ions to give ionic compounds. However, when it combines with oxygen, it undergoes a reduction and adopts a chemical form similar to arsenic.
It has a formal oxidation state of -2. When dissolved in water, the molecule has a total valence of 0 and is a neutral ion.
It has a relatively high specific gravity. It can be found in the Earth’s crust at a concentration of 1.5 ppm. Despite its toxicity, it is used in a variety of electronics and lasers. Compared to other minerals, arsenic is very rare.
Most metals combine with arsenic to form ionic compounds. Arsenic, for example, is used in silicon arsenide and tin arsenide.
Arsenic is an excellent dopant for solid-state devices. This is one reason why the ion of arsenic is known as the thiophosphate.
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